Challenges and remedies in Dairy

( 46233 बार पढ़ी गयी)

Published on : 07 Jul, 17 07:07

Dr.Geeta PatelIn December 1946, on 14th December, the co-operation in dairy business was started in the district of Kheda in the name of Amul and the registration of Amul Cooperative Society was done. This has been done because the farmers were exploited by the middle men, due to non refrigition the milk it turns sour and the farmers suffered a lot as there no is reasonable price to the farmers and farmers were not interested in generating milk.
In such a situation, the leader of Kheda district, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel, under the leadership of Mr. Tribhuvan Das G Patel, placed his problem in front of him. Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel advised the farmers to adopt co-operatives and in this way the Kheda of Cooperative emerged in the district.
Subsequently, under the leadership of Dr. V. Kurien, the strength of cooperative was strengthened and the principle of cooperative and whose purpose was to buy the milk of the farmers at a reasonable price & sell milk to Amul brand in the market. Due to this, a commercialization of dairy was made and farmers leaning in the dairy business was increasing. Mr. Tribhuvandass Patel, Dr. V. Kurian and his team members were constantly working hard and diligently in the field of cooperatives and in the few years, the dairy union developed in Mehsana, Banaskantha, Baroda, Sabarkantha and Surat.
Slowly, the principle of cooperation started from Gujarat spread all over the country and the farmers migrated to the milk business. Even today, India is the first place in the world in milk production.
Dairy co-operatives first emerged from Amul where the society is at village level and there is a union at the district level and there is a federation at the state level.
In this way, there has been a revolution in the field of milk by cooperative, which is a cooperative and has improved the quality of life of the farmers and has made the economy strong at the village level. There is a dairy sector which provides financial support to farmers in rural areas.
In India, where there has been a lot of progress in dairy sector through co-operatives, on the other hand new problems have arisen. There are new challenges ahead in the face of growing cooperative move which is necessary to cope with time.
The following are the major challenges which must be considered in the course of time:
1. The most important challenge is the adulterated milk in front of the dairy business, which is spreading or increasing the market day by day, which is harmful to health and it is necessary to take strict measures. It is necessary to implement the Indian Food Security Act strictly.
2. There is a complete lack of cleanliness in the milk production by the farmers. While clean milk production is one of the main purposes, cleanliness is not taken care of in the villages on the other hand it reduces the quality of milk. Therefore, it is time to get the farmers to head towards clean milk through various training, The milk producers need to be educated through clean milk production program, which improves the quality of milk.
3. Various types of vaccines are imposed for animals to increase the milk production by farmers, which contribute to the health of the animals and also the adverse effects of milk quality.
4. Prevention of diseases in animals is necessary for the protection of livestock and breed improvement, although the governments are making great efforts in this direction. FMD / BQ / HS vaccine is necessary to prevent diseases.
5. There is a shortage of processing plants in the milk sector in India. Cooling temperature and processing are necessary for milk to be kept safe. The lack of modern processing plants is also a great choice in this field, which is necessary to be completed in time. Also, the cold chain has to be strengthened too. Renewal of 40-50 year old plants is necessary.
6. It is also necessary to mention here that in India, there is a shortage of veterinarians in comparison to the number of livestock and sick animals cannot get treatment at the time and they give a break. The medical facility is provided to some extent by the cooperative sector.
7. The average milk production of milch animals available in India is very low, in such cases the number of animals is higher than milk production, whose fodder system itself is a complex problem.
8. Besides, milk production is done in most of the villages and in such case, collecting milk from far-flung areas is a big challenge, as the temperature in India in the summer reaches around 46-50 degree Celsius, which is high and such It is not possible to preserve milk. There is a lot of problems facing dairy business in this way and they need to be resolved in time.
9. With the introduction of GST from July 2017, it is proposed to recover the tax on Ghee and Butter and Paneer at the rate of 12 percent, which will increase the milk product rates.
The solutions
The new challenges faced by the milk business are to be resolved during the time. If the steps are taken by the government on the following points, problems can be overcome or reduced.
1. Due to greater co-operation, milk plants should be installed so that the milk can be processed and the surplus milk powder and ghee can be made. Simultaneously, arrangement for milk testing at plants and village level can be prevented by adulterated milk.
2. Bulk milk coolers should be applied to the committees, which can be immediately cooled to milk and there is no adverse effect on milk quality.
3. The improved variety of animals should be made available to the farmers so that the per animal milk production is aggravated and the farmers milk production, the confidence in animal husbandry, is strengthened. It is extremely important to promote artificial insemination to achieve this goal. Also, opening of veterinary hospital and recruitment of veterinary physicians is also necessary so that the producers may get medical facilities for their livestock when needed.
4. Impact on death of animals from infectious disease falls on the financial condition of the animal. Therefore, to prevent this vaccination and insurance plan for all the animals should be started at the mass level.
5, freedom from MFD disease should be provided by the Government of India by running a campaign at the war level.

6. The laws made for the prevention of adulteration should be strictly enforced and from time to time, the availability of inspectors for the checking of milk increased.
7. Excise duty at Molasses by Indian Government Rs. 750 per tonne and 3 percent cess is being taken, which is continuously increasing in the cost of cattle animals given to cattle. Therefore, it is advisable to be free from the, cess and VAT, which are used for making cattle make-up, to increase the milk production by reducing the cost of animals.
8. The milk business can also be strengthened by new research. Trainer farmers should be trained by bringing advanced technology from abroad and they should be made interested in milk production, so that their livelihood can be run.
Cooperatives are the only option in dairy industry to achieve all the above mentioned objectives, which can change the cultivation of farmers of India. Along with farming, milk production is such a business whose countrys economy is dependent on farmers, there can be expected change.
Since India is at the first place in milk production in the world and consumption of milk products is rapidly increasing in cities and villages. Therefore, it is time to promote milk production and it is certain to change the society.

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